ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN MAKÉLÉKÉLÉ: A THOROUGH ANALYSIS OF WOOD CONSUMPTION IN HOUSEHOLDS

Abstract

Woodfuel, a vital energy source in developing countries, especially in Africa, is poised to play a central role in meeting growing energy demands. However, its predominantly artisanal production concentrated around urban centers raises concerns about the depletion of urban and semiurban forests. This issue gains urgency within the broader context of global efforts to combat climate change and prioritize forest conservation.

The determinants of wood energy consumption are theoretically approached from two perspectives. The first viewpoint, linked to a country's level of development, encompasses Kuznets' environmental curve theory and the poverty-environment hypothesis, suggesting that wood energy use is contingent upon a country's economic status. The second perspective focuses solely on household income, guided by the energy ladder theory, positing that income is the primary determinant of energy source selection and consumption levels.

Despite theoretical disparities, empirical evidence yields consistent findings. Some studies demonstrate a negative relationship between income and woodfuel consumption, while others report a positive correlation. This lack of consensus underscores the complexity of the factors influencing wood energy consumption.

This study delves into the multifaceted determinants of woodfuel consumption, shedding light on the intricate interplay of income, development, and energy choices in the context of sustainable forest management and climate action