Investigating Factors Affecting Domestic Solid Waste Management in Abuja: Towards Achieving Zero Waste

Abstract

This study examines the factors influencing domestic solid waste management in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria. While the problem of waste management in Abuja cannot be attributed solely to a lack of legislative framework, the study identifies several social, economic and natural factors contributing to the crisis. The social economic status of Abuja residents complicates effective waste disposal, while the poor economy of the region limits investment in waste management infrastructure and manpower. The region's natural topography, flooding, and wind patterns make waste management challenging for waste management companies. In response to these challenges, the study recommends a shift towards a zero-waste approach that emphasizes the reuse and recycling of waste materials. This requires improvement in waste management facilities and staff, and the implementation of citizen sensitization programs to reduce corruption and mismanagement. The study suggests that households must segregate waste and adopt proper segregation techniques. Results suggest that there are high levels of knowledge among residents about the color coding system for segregating waste. The study proposes the adoption of domestic waste management tools such as waste carbine and waste recycler machines to reduce the volume of waste generated and enhance waste management efficiency. Proper management of waste in Abuja will not only enhance the environmental quality of this region but also improve the health of the population.