SYNERGIZING SORGHUM AND COWPEA: UNRAVELING YIELD DYNAMICS IN STRIGA-INFESTED FIELDS

Abstract

Striga, the prominent plant parasite in Africa, stands as a formidable threat to agricultural productivity, causing significant economic repercussions across the continent. This parasitic menace inflicts staggering losses of up to 40 percent on crops, with grain production compromised across 44 million hectares, constituting 3.2% of the world's arable land. The insidious nature of Striga is underscored by its seeds, the primary source of inoculum, with each plant prolifically producing approximately 10,000 or more seeds. These seeds, measuring a mere 200 microns wide by 300 microns long and weighing 10-5 grams, pose a persistent challenge to crop health (Pieterse and Pesch, 1983; Berner et al., 1997).

Central to the parasitic threat is the longevity of Striga seeds in the soil, capable of remaining viable for an astonishing 15 to 20 years in the absence of a suitable plant host (Ramaiah et al., 1983). This longevity underscores the resilience and persistence of Striga, making it a formidable challenge for sustainable agriculture in the region

This review delves into the economic and agricultural implications of the Striga menace, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions to mitigate its impact. Insights from seminal studies by Pieterse and Pesch (1983), Berner et al. (1997), and Ramaiah et al. (1983) provide a foundation for understanding the intricate dynamics of Striga infestations. Additionally, the review explores the unique characteristics of Striga seeds and their ability to endure in the soil, contributing to a prolonged and pervasive threat to crops.

A comprehensive understanding of the life cycle, seed characteristics, and persistence of Striga is essential for the development of effective control strategies. The review identifies critical research gaps and proposes avenues for future investigations to combat the economic and agricultural challenges posed by Striga. As the struggle against this parasitic threat continues, this synthesis aims to inform and guide researchers, policymakers, and practitioners in devising sustainable solutions to safeguard agricultural livelihoods in Africa.